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Garden Vetch (Vicia sativa)

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Vicia Sativa, or more commonly know as Garden Vetch, is a vine forb/herb with green foliage and purple flowers of the genus Vicia. It has a rapid growth rate and a height of 4 feet at maturity. Its duration is annual which means it grows for one season only. It's active growth period is spring, blooms during early spring, is tolerant of shade and is routinely available commercially. Vicia Sativa or Garden Vetch's floral region is North America US Lower 48, Alaska and Hawaii, specifically in the states of Alaska, Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Washington, Wisconsin and Wyoming.

  • Category: Dicot
  • Genus: Vicia
  • Family: Fabaceae
  • Order: Fabales
  • Class: Magnoliopsida
  • Division: Magnoliophyta
  • Duration: Annual
  • Growth Habit: Vine Forb/herb
  • Native Status: L48 (I) AK (I) HI (I) CAN (I) SPM (I)
  • National Wetland Indicator Status: UPL FACW
  • Regional Wetland Indicator Status: 1(FACU-) 2(FACU) 3(FACU-) 4(FACU) 5(FACU) 6(FAC) 7(FACW) 8(FACU) 9(UPL) 0(FACU) A(UPL) H(UPL)
  • Active Growth Period: Spring
  • After Harvest Regrowth Rate: Rapid
  • Allelopath: No
  • Bloat: Medium
  • C:N Ratio: Low
  • Coppice Potential: No
  • Fall Conspicuous: No
  • Fire Resistance: No
  • Flower Color: Purple
  • Flower Conspicuous: Yes
  • Foliage Color: Green
  • Foliage Porosity Summer: Porous
  • Foliage Porosity Winter: Porous
  • Foliage Texture: Coarse
  • Fruit/Seed Color: Black
  • Fruit/Seed Conspicuous: No
  • Growth Form: Single Stem
  • Growth Rate: Rapid
  • Height at 20 Years Maximum (feet): 5
  • Height Mature (feet): 4
  • Leaf Retention: No
  • Lifespan: Short
  • Low Growing Grass: No
  • Nitrogen Fixation: Low
  • Resprout Ability: No
  • Shape and Orientation: Climbing
  • Toxicity: Slight
  • Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils: No
  • Adapted to Fine Textured Soils: Yes
  • Adapted to Medium Textured Soils: Yes
  • Anaerobic Tolerance: Low
  • CaCO3 Tolerance: Low
  • Cold Stratification Required: Yes
  • Drought Tolerance: Low
  • Fertility Requirement: Medium
  • Fire Tolerance: None
  • Frost Free Days Minimum: 80
  • Hedge Tolerance: None
  • Moisture Use: High
  • pH (Minimum): 6
  • pH (Maximum): 7
  • Planting Density per Acre Minimum: 5120
  • Planting Density per Acre Maximum: 20000
  • Root Depth Minimum (inches): 12
  • Salinity Tolerance: None
  • Shade Tolerance: Tolerant
  • Bloom Period: Early Spring
  • Commercial Availability: No Known Source
  • Fruit/Seed Abundance: High
  • Fruit/Seed Period Begin: Spring
  • Fruit/Seed Period End: Spring
  • Fruit/Seed Persistence: No
  • Propagated by Bare Root: No
  • Propagated by Bulbs: No
  • Propagated by Container: No
  • Propagated by Corms: No
  • Propagated by Cuttings: No
  • Propagated by Seed: Yes
  • Propagated by Sod: No
  • Propagated by Sprigs: No
  • Propagated by Tubers: No
  • Seed per Pound: 39600
  • Seed Spread Rate: Moderate
  • Seedling Vigor: High
  • Small Grain: No
  • Vegetative Spread Rate: None





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